Читать онлайн «Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking»

Cover

Title Page

Dedication

Preface

I. INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS AN INTUITION PUMP?

II. A DOZEN GENERAL THINKING TOOLS

1. Making Mistakes

2. “By Parody of Reasoning”: Using Reductio ad Absurdum

3. Rapoport’s Rules

4. Sturgeon’s Law

5. Occam’s Razor

6. Occam’s Broom

7. Using Lay Audiences as Decoys

8. Jootsing

9. Three Species of Goulding: Rathering, Piling On, and the Gould Two-Step

10. The “Surely” Operator: A Mental Block

11. Rhetorical Questions

12. What Is a Deepity?

Summary

III. TOOLS FOR THINKING ABOUT MEANING OR CONTENT

13. Murder in Trafalgar Square

14. An Older Brother Living in Cleveland

15. “Daddy Is a Doctor”

16. Manifest Image and Scientific Image

17. Folk Psychology

18. The Intentional Stance

19. The Personal/Sub-personal Distinction

20. A Cascade of Homunculi

21. The Sorta Operator

22. Wonder Tissue

23. Trapped in the Robot Control Room

IV. AN INTERLUDE ABOUT COMPUTERS

24. The Seven Secrets of Computer Power Revealed

25. Virtual Machines

26. Algorithms

27. Automating the Elevator

Summary

V. MORE TOOLS ABOUT MEANING

28. A Thing about Redheads

29. The Wandering Two-Bitser, Twin Earth, and the Giant Robot

30. Radical Translation and a Quinian Crossword Puzzle

31. Semantic Engines and Syntactic Engines

32. Swampman Meets a Cow-Shark

33. Two Black Boxes

Summary

VI. TOOLS FOR THINKING ABOUT EVOLUTION

34. Universal Acid

35. The Library of Mendel: Vast and Vanishing

36. Genes as Words or as Subroutines

37. The Tree of Life

38. Cranes and Skyhooks, Lifting in Design Space

39. Competence without Comprehension

40.

41. Do Locusts Understand Prime Numbers?

42. How to Explain Stotting

43. Beware of the Prime Mammal

44. When Does Speciation Occur?

45. Widowmakers, Mitochondrial Eve, and Retrospective Coronations

46. Cycles

47. What Does the Frog’s Eye Tell the Frog’s Brain?

48. Leaping through Space in the Library of Babel

49. Who Is the Author of Spamlet?

50. Noise in the Virtual Hotel

51. Herb, Alice, and Hal, the Baby

52. Memes

Summary

VII. TOOLS FOR THINKING ABOUT CONSCIOUSNESS

53. Two Counter-images

54. The Zombic Hunch

55. Zombies and Zimboes

56. The Curse of the Cauliflower

57. Vim: How Much Is That in “Real Money”?

58. The Sad Case of Mr. Clapgras

59. The Tuned Deck

60. The Chinese Room

61. The Teleclone Fall from Mars to Earth

62. The Self as the Center of Narrative Gravity

63. Heterophenomenology

64. Mary the Color Scientist: A Boom Crutch Unveiled

Summary

VIII. TOOLS FOR THINKING ABOUT FREE WILL

65. A Truly Nefarious Neurosurgeon

66. A Deterministic Toy: Conway’s Game of Life

67. Rock, Paper, and Scissors

68. Two Lotteries

69. Inert Historical Facts

70. A Computer Chess Marathon

71. Ultimate Responsibility

72. Sphexishness

73. The Boys from Brazil: Another Boom Crutch

Summary

IX. WHAT IS IT LIKE TO BE A PHILOSOPHER?

74. A Faustian Bargain

75. Philosophy as Naïve Auto-anthropology

76. Higher-Order Truths of Chmess

77. The 10 Percent That’s Good

X. USE THE TOOLS. TRY HARDER.

XI. WHAT GOT LEFT OUT

Appendix: Solutions to Register Machine Problems